Example sentences of "by [adv] [verb] [noun sg] " in BNC.
Next page| No | Sentence |
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| 1 | If the philosophy is to decentralise , in the way described in Chapter 21 , that is to say by effectively delegating authority to the sub-units , then it is likely that little or no role will be available for a corporate marketing department . |
| 2 | It claims that developing the single isomer form of conventional drugs is a good way for such companies to minimise erosion of their market share by generic drug manufacturers by effectively extending patent protection for the product . |
| 3 | Instead of fostering the peasants ' bid for liberty , the commissars emasculated local peasants organizations and , by forcibly requisitioning grain , did all they could to subject the peasantry to the dictates of the State . |
| 4 | In the 1990 field season , the range of elements and anions determined was increased , in collaboration with BGS hydrogeochemists in Wallingford , with the inclusion of arsenic , chloride and nitrite , and a selection of minor and trace elements determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry . |
| 5 | The concentrations of essential metal cations in gastric juice , collected at endoscopy from 17 normal patients and 11 with peptic ulcer disease , were determined by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry . |
| 6 | Analyses were performed as below for gastric juice , by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry ( ICPES ) . |
| 7 | Rather fewer are killed at work , a low figure by international comparisons , though the number of those whose lives are abridged by industrially contracted ill-health is not known or included . |
| 8 | This is an example of how a speaker , by skilfully using code switches , can create or " animate " a character within a narrative . |
| 9 | This is where the lighting is excessive , such as in bright sunlight , or where glare is caused by badly sited lighting or unsuitable décor , so that the person is unable to function visually . |
| 10 | However , many community education projects have a social and political philosophy which sees community problems as the result of inadequate education effort on the part of institutions and the state , to be remedied by locally controlled community education networks . |
| 11 | Achieve a sixties feel by gently backcombing hair at the crown . |
| 12 | He may use a type of emotional blackmail against you and other people close to him , by constantly demanding attention but refusing to allow other people to perform necessary chores for him , on the grounds that ‘ you do it better ’ . |
| 13 | Word level restrictions may be imposed on the lattice by only allowing character sequences that form words ( thereby allowing semantic and other higher-level to be applied ) . |
| 14 | Obviously this memory overhead can be greatly reduced by only allocating space for those routes which are used ( i.e. an n-ary tree where n is variable between 0 and 26 ) , for example typical routes from ‘ z ’ would be ‘ e ’ , ‘ i ’ and ‘ o ’ . |
| 15 | The new measures provided for ( i ) the lifting of the 150-mile exclusion zone around the Falkland Islands and its replacement on March 31 , 1990 , by mutually agreed security arrangements ( backed up by a direct radio " hotline " between the commander of the Falklands garrison and Argentina 's military high command ) giving each country advance warning of the military manoeuvres of the other , and allowing Argentinian warships and aircraft to come within 50 miles and 70 miles respectively of the Falklands without prior permission ; ( ii ) co-operation on air and sea rescue , safety procedures and air and maritime navigation ; ( iii ) an investment promotion and protection pact to encourage investment in the Falklands , and negotiations on possible Anglo-Argentinian investment promotion and protection agreements ; ( iv ) shared information on fishing in the South Atlantic , although a 150-mile conservation zone around the Falklands would be maintained , within which Argentinian vessels were denied the right to fish [ see p. 37001 ] ; ( v ) a working group on South Atlantic affairs and arrangements for further talks to improve contacts between the mainland and the Falklands ; ( vi ) visits by Argentinian relatives to Falkland war graves by arrangement with the International Red Cross ; ( vii ) co-operation on environmental protection ; and ( viii ) co-operation against drug trafficking . |
| 16 | If we see a plane in the air we can be sure that it was not assembled by randomly throwing scrap metal together , because we know that the odds against a random conglomeration 's being able to fly are too great . |
| 17 | If he therefore demonstrates why socialism in one country was historically necessary , he ends up by apparently justifying Stalinism : in showing how anti-labour produces deviation , he seems to endorse its course while rejecting any overall schema which can provide the basis of a claim that it will be ultimately corrected . |
| 18 | We have been preached to by film stars and eastern gurus ; by so called fitness experts and by celebrities who want to tell us how to maintain youthful looks . |
| 19 | However , it is quite clear that if an employee gives notice in accordance with the contract he is by so doing affirming the existence of the contract and not accepting any perceived repudiation by the employer : see Normalec Ltd v Britton [ 1983 ] FSR 318 . |
| 20 | An enzyme works by combining reversibly with the substances whose reaction it is catalysing , and by so doing lowering the activation energy ( Figure 8 , a2 and b2 ) . |
| 21 | Only by so doing can he be sure of acquiring a viable holding and be in a position to develop it to achieve its optimum long-term output . |
| 22 | The newly-elected councillor should welcome the opportunity of serving on these outside bodies for only by so doing can he obtain a full appreciation of the part which these bodies play in local administration . |
| 23 | Only by so doing can their business activity generate an adequate return . |
| 24 | This amount is equalled by naturally forming sulphur that originates mainly from volcanoes and huge clusters of marine bacteria . |
| 25 | Some materials can acquire thermoluminescence from irradiation by naturally occurring radio isotopes and length of exposure can be deduced . |
| 26 | What had been a right to receive benefit was replaced by grudingly distributed charity with all that implied in the era before the abolition of the workhouse . |
| 27 | So , the economic , philosophical and biological criticism of Marxism all point in the same direction : that though ‘ muddled Mr Owen ’ was , of course , wrong in supposing that sweet reasonableness and an appeal to the best in human nature would , following the organisation into general unions of workers in productive industry , enable them to take control of it ; and further , by thus reconstituting society as an industrial democracy , remove its evils and usher in an era of plenty and universal happiness , he was not wrong because a clear-sighted Mr Marx 's alternative was right . |
| 28 | This behaviour , or its neural analogue , can , it is argued , be ‘ isolated ’ within the animal by progressively reduced cell populations . |
| 29 | Their dark waters , in places only a few hundred yards across , were met by vertically plunging forest , wreathed in mist , and for the most part deathly quiet . |
| 30 | Hundreds of accidents to children and thousands of deaths of animals are caused every year by thoughtlessly discarded waste . |