Example sentences of "by [pron] is [vb pp] [adj] " in BNC.
Next page| No | Sentence |
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| 1 | There can be little doubt that liberalization ( by which is meant effective restriction of the colonial trade to a larger number of Spanish merchants than under the old system ) greatly increased the volume and the proportion of Spanish goods in the legal trade , and therefore acted as a direct stimulant to industrial and commercial revival . |
| 2 | The basic unit is a text , by which is meant any single document , or any stretch of natural language regarded as a self-contained unit for processing purposes . |
| 3 | Whilst this might be true , for some years now invertebrate neurophysiologists ( by which is meant those who study invertebrates , not a special group of researchers without backbones ! ) , who used to speak of their pet organisms as having simple nervous systems , have rephrased their claim , and refer instead to them as having ‘ simple ’ nervous systems , the inverted commas being deliberately added as a recognition that the complexity of these systems is still many orders of magnitude higher than in the genuinely simple wiring that one might expect of a mere computer . |
| 4 | Except , that is , in solidarity circles — by which is meant those people active in supporting the various struggles of people from El Salvador to Chile against oppressive regimes . |
| 5 | The record temperature for a plasma , 80 million degrees , was established in Princeton by what is called neutral injection heating . |