Example sentences of "rise in real [noun] " in BNC.
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| 1 | That support was based on the false assumption that it covered the rise in real poll tax levels as opposed to the notional , national averages . |
| 2 | Thus a rise in real government expenditure shifts the aggregate demand curve to the right . |
| 3 | If the rise in real output takes place against a background of a tight money or explicit ‘ monetarist ’ policy , there will be downward pressure on the inflation rate and an already attractive package is further enhanced . |
| 4 | In this section , we first show how this is done and secondly , we consider under what circumstances a rise in real output per capita can be interpreted as an actual , potential or pseudo-improvement in economic welfare . |
| 5 | Finally , if the rise in real output per capita is caused by an expansion of investment goods industries and public sector expenditures on the civil service and defence , while at the same time there is a decline in consumer goods industries , then current economic welfare may fall rather than rise . |
| 6 | The rise in real levels of social assistance which occurred in the boom could have made such opting out more feasible , even if the social assistance rates did not rise relative to earnings ( which they generally did not — child benefit in particular fell substantially relative to average incomes ) . |
| 7 | The extraordinary 19 per cent rise in real consumers ' spending between 1985 and 1988 was mainly due to the real wage rise of 14.1 per cent . |
| 8 | A rise in real labour costs would shift the demand for labour curve downwards to D′ L in graph ( i ) . |
| 9 | They greatly benefited from certain ‘ economic conditions ’ during the period — namely , the existence of a large and concentrated urban population , the rise in real incomes and an increase in leisure time — which made the ‘ mass entertainment industry ’ possible . |
| 10 | Workers could conceivably mistake a rise in money wages for a rise in real wage à la Friedman ( 1968 ) , but the Friedman speculation only makes sense if employers think ( perhaps mistakenly ) that the real wage rate has fallen to a level such as in Figure 6.10 . |
| 11 | For example , a rise in real wages makes work more attractive and so may lead to an increase in the number of hours of work offered . |
| 12 | Since unemployed workers are expecting zero price inflation , they perceive the rise in money wages ( 4 per cent in Fig. 6.4 ) as a rise in real wages and some of them accept job offers which they might otherwise have refused . |
| 13 | The improvement of women 's education , particularly marked in the late nineteenth century , and the decline in the birth rate from the 1870s emerge as two of the most prominent factors correlated with the decline of infant mortality in the 1900s , while the rise in real wages had a surprisingly weak effect ( Woods et al . |
| 14 | The marked improvement in the terms of trade for Britain over the early '50s permitted a rise in real wages despite a decline in Britain 's exports , while a substantial inflow of American direct private investment helped to boost capital accumulation . |
| 15 | The rise in rents between 1848 and the late 1880s more or less matched the rise in real wages during the same period . |
| 16 | There was increased urban demand , with a fast-growing population and with a rise in real wages , competition from cheap imported foodstuffs encouraged farmers to switch to milk production , and the wholesale and retail end of the business became more efficient and organized . |
| 17 | Two features of the British economy which have become especially noteworthy over the years 1980-85 are the very rapid rise in unemployment and the continued rise in real wages ( ie wages after allowance for price changes ) . |
| 18 | It then makes sense to ascribe the subsequent rise in real wages primarily to whichever of the two markets sees the more intense competition . |