Example sentences of "these [noun pl] have been used " in BNC.
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1 | These indices have been used to produce 113 maps for England and Wales at a scale of 1:63,360 and although the five grades shown on the maps provide a broad pattern of where the best ( grade 1 ) and worst ( grade 5 ) land is , the maps have , however , been roundly criticized . |
2 | All these methods have been used in nurse education in recent years and reflect the student-centred approaches being adopted by many nurse educators . |
3 | These tactics have been used by unions in Mexico , where cooptation through the state bureaucracy has taken place as the labour movement is integrated into the organisation of the governing party . |
4 | One must now question how many times these tactics have been used before or will be used in the future . |
5 | These funds have been used to finance the work of specialist quasi-public financial institutions in a range of activities from overseas projects to long-term loans for the purchase of specialist equipment . |
6 | Indeed so high was their reputation for self-denial in this respect that in the first years of the twentieth century the brothers Paul and Jules Cambon , French ambassadors in London and Berlin respectively , entrusted their private correspondence regularly to the British diplomatic bag rather than sending it through the French ministry of foreign affairs or the French post office : if either of these channels had been used it would almost certainly have been opened and read . |
7 | These considerations have been used to help explain the prevalence of multi-employer ( association ) bargaining in non-manufacturing industries in the USA such as trucking , construction and retailing which are characterised by a large number of small- and medium-sized firms operating within highly competitive and often localised markets — conditions which favour common settlements . |
8 | It is most unlikely that either of these areas has been used for arable in the last 1500 years , and this is confirmed to some extent by field names recorded on the earliest maps ( of the early nineteenth century ) and in medieval documents . |
9 | Mouse ICM is much more susceptible to lethal damage by X-irradiation or anti-metabolites than TE and treatment of embryos ( starting from the 2- to 8- cell stage ) with a variety of these reagents has been used to generate trophectodermal vesicles devoid of any apparent ICM ( discussed in ref. 28 ) . |
10 | These libraries had been used as a means to circumvent a restrictive loan policy applied in the main library , which clearly lacked support from the scientific or library staff within the departments . |
11 | Many of these applications have been used to tackle environmental problems such as pollution control , especially in the treatment of sewage , industrial and agricultural effluents as well as rubbish disposal . |
12 | This again correlates with the citation data for these universities , indicating that the research produced in these universities has been used in some measure by other workers , who have acknowledged that use by citations . |
13 | IMPACT Moling : These machines have been used for some years to lay services and pipes up to 125mm in diameter . |
14 | These powers have been used thereby effectively banning pyramid selling as it was previously practised . |
15 | Forces from these garrisons have been used on several occasions against recalcitrant East European governments , though with the one exception of the limited uprising in the GDR in 1953 , they have always been extensively reinforced from the Western Military Districts of the USSR . |
16 | Modernity for these writers has been used as an all-embracing concept that includes both the ideologies of the modern world — its ‘ modernisms ’ — and also the economic , social and cultural realities of modern life . |
17 | In more general ways these figures have been used to characterise the liquidity of different periods . |
18 | Furthermore , these figures have been used in penalizing Local Authorities for exceeding expenditure targets set by central Government and for rate-capping . |
19 | These arguments have been used to justify the continued operation of branch railway lines and low productivity coal pits , where the costs of closure to the local economy were deemed to be too high , even if the operations themselves were unviable . |
20 | These arguments have been used to buttress a wide range of government investments , such as Concorde , nuclear reactors , BL vehicles , microelectronics and computers . |
21 | By eluting self-peptides from HLA-B53 we identified a sequence motif for bound peptides and have synthesized 60 octamer , nonamer or decamer peptides bearing this motif from the four pre-erythrocytic-stage P. falciparum antigens that have been cloned and sequenced : each of these antigens has been used in or is currently awaiting human vaccine trials . |
22 | These tests have been used for individual student assessment and as instruments for the product evaluation of instructional programmes . |
23 | Using interference filters these instruments have been used successfully to measure fluorescence . |
24 | Since then these stents have been used in bile ducts for malignant obstructive jaundice and are placed either percutaneously or endoscopically . |
25 | ‘ It is quite possible these tools have been used by criminals . |