Example sentences of "by [Wh det] [was/were] [verb] [art] " in BNC.
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| 1 | The Church gave to every community , large or small , refuge from persecution and pillage , provided education and learning , medical aid and a basis for life by which were allayed the superstitious fears of the individual , which stemmed from his lack of experience and knowledge of health , life and death , understanding of the world and of man himself . |
| 2 | This definition was summed up in the formula libertas ecclesiae , by which was understood the independence of the Church from all lay interference in ecclesiastical appointments , in the exercise of the Church 's spiritual functions , in the administration of its temporal rights and properties , and in the immunity of clerical persons from secular jurisdiction . |
| 3 | After the conference , the Socialist League continued to oppose rearmament , opposed sanctions against Italy threatened as a result of the Italian invasion of Abyssinia , and advocated a policy for the Labour movement of preparing for the ‘ mass resistance to war ’ , by which was meant a general strike . |
| 4 | The traditional arguments of the crown , set out by Macanaz for Philip V , were sharpened by the influence of Italian regalists and connected with what was loosely called Jansenism , by which was meant a Spanish edition of Gallicanism . |
| 5 | Of the manner of making clergy , very early texts speak of prayer and laying on of hands , by which was conferred a charismatic gift appropriate to the office ( 2 Tim . |
| 6 | With the abolition of the monarchy came a brief period of rule by a Council of State elected by what was termed the Rump Parliament . |