Example sentences of "which [art] court " in BNC.

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No Sentence
1 Judicial review is the process by which the courts decide whether public bodies have acted within or beyond those powers .
2 He questioned whether it would be possible to prosecute them with any chance of success with the present rules of evidence and he would be against proceeding if it meant changing the way in which the courts worked .
3 The records of these numerous courts were often badly kept , and there might be damage or loss of the original wills which the courts kept under their custody .
4 The problem encountered in Australia , of the doctrine being too complicated for juries , was the result of a six-stage direction which the courts developed ; surely the essence of the doctrine can be conveyed more simply than that , rather than destroying it entirely .
5 It is true of course that the device could potentially backfire : having equipped this Tribunal with so much power , it might begin to use it and impose demands on the executive which exceed those which the courts would demand .
6 This is demonstrated most clearly in the lengths to which the courts have been excluded from the process , even though they have been only rarely a threat to the Thatcher Government .
7 Useful guidance of a general nature can be found in the ACAS handbook Discipline at Work , and the law reports provide numerous examples of the way in which the courts and tribunals have dealt with specific cases .
8 A fundamental breach is one which the courts would consider more serious than an ordinary breach .
9 It is the former image which the courts have tended to have before them when reviewing the decisions of corporate managers .
10 Thirdly , the respect in which the courts are held gives their decisions an influence out of proportion to the number of cases they deal with .
11 As we will see in Part II , the answer which the courts have given to this question is neither an unqualified ‘ yes ’ nor an unqualified ‘ no ’ .
12 However , the arguments which underlie the concept of justiciability can also be used to support the idea that in reviewing government decisions over which the courts are prepared to exercise control , they should only award remedies to aggrieved parties in cases where it can be said that the respondent has gone wrong in some fairly extreme way .
13 In England the courts are almost certain to take the view that the way taxes are spent is a political question which the courts are not the proper bodies to consider , and that no taxpayer has sufficient interest to raise this matter in court .
14 The issue of whether breach of the CSA 1985 will provide a basis for liability in tort for breach of statutory duty is one on which the courts have not yet been asked to decide .
15 Under a new law , the Children Act of 1989 , which comes into force October 14 , there 's a checklist of the criteria which the courts must look to when deciding the children 's future .
16 I do not see on what grounds it could be argued that an amendment on the subject of Capital Punishment is outside the scope of a comprehensive Bill amending the law relating to the methods by which the courts are empowered to deal with offenders .
17 There are three rules of construction which the courts might employ when construing a statute .
18 In this chapter we will chiefly be concerned with three of the most crucial sets of decisions for which the courts are responsible : remand decisions ( whether accused persons are freed on bail or remanded in custody ) ; jurisdiction decisions ( whether they are tried in the magistrates ' court or committed for trial in the Crown Court ) ; and sentencing decisions .
19 One is the number of people committed to prison in any one year ( referred to as the rate of imprisonment or number of prison receptions ) ; the second is the length of sentence actually imposed by the courts ; and the third ( over which the courts have no direct control ) is the operation of the various forms of executive release , such as parole ( and , formerly , remission ) , which we will be looking at in Chapter 6 .
20 Undoubtedly there are factors over which the courts have no control , and for which they have no responsibility .
21 The point we wish to make is that , even when these other factors are taken into account , decisions for which the courts are themselves directly responsible do have a major part to play in determining imprisonment rates .
22 Secondly , a recent comparison between rates of imprisonment in England and Wales , and Australia ( two countries whose criminal justice systems are not too dissimilar ) offers even firmer evidence that differences in the use of imprisonment between the two jurisdictions are largely the outcome of decisions for which the courts themselves are responsible .
23 For the use made of imprisonment as a penalty , together with the size of the prison population , and a good many other aspects of the penal system are the result of policy decisions ( or , to be more precise , a refusal to develop a coherent policy ) for which the courts share collective responsibility , together with other criminal justice agencies , and , of course , government itself .
24 The court therefore has to approach its construction on the footing that the new Act may exhibit policies and intentions which are not necessarily the same as those in the earlier Act , and which require similar words to be given different meanings from those which the courts gave them under the earlier legislation .
25 It follows that , apart from the question of the impact of Community law , such is the discretion which the courts should have exercised in the present case .
26 First , because the defendants being an emanation of the Crown , which is the source and fountain of justice , are in my opinion bound to maintain the highest standards of probity and fair dealing , comparable to those which the courts , which derive their authority from the same source and fountain , impose on the officers under their control : see In re Tyler [ 1907 ] 1 K.B .
27 The question whether artificial ventilation should or should not be applied is , so the argument proceeds , an entirely medical one with which the courts will not interfere .
28 ‘ The case may be said to be a good example of the stringency with which the courts scrutinise transactions of guarantee entered into at the instance of a debtor who is likely to be in a position to exert influence on the surety and in circumstances in which the surety can derive no conceivable benefit from the transaction .
29 ‘ ( 1 ) The ex turpi causa defence ultimately rests on a principle of public policy that the courts will not assist a plaintiff who has been guilty of illegal ( or immoral ) conduct of which the courts should take notice .
30 It should , in my opinion , only be in the rare cases where the very issue of interpretation which the courts are called on to resolve has been addressed in Parliamentary debate and where the promoter of the legislation has made a clear statement directed to that very issue , that reference to Hansard should be permitted .
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