Example sentences of "[be] [vb pp] by [noun] [prep] " in BNC.

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1 The first is that national interests can be guarded by way of intergovernmental agreements made in association with the Treaties .
2 Criterial and excluded traits can be diagnosed by means of entailment relations between sentences : for instance , ‘ animal ’ is a criterial trait of dog because It 's a dog entails It 's an animal ; ‘ fish ’ is an excluded trait of dog because It 's a dog entails It 's not a fish .
3 There is a similar presumption of equality in relation to shareholders ' liabilities but it too can be altered by provisions in the memorandum and articles .
4 Whether they arise as Turing proposed , or by some other physico-chemical process , it will always be true that they can be altered by changes in genes .
5 This means that it can now only be altered by amendment by leave of the House .
6 Surely , one could argue , it can only be recognized by knowledge of some convention that U means z ; but in that case we can do away with talk of complex intentions and construct an account of communication based directly on the notion of conventional signal .
7 This morphology does not lend itself to analysis after conventional staining since only a few of the autosomes show distinguishing features in the form of secondary constrictions ( Figure 3a ) and , of the sex chromosomes , only the Y of some strains can be recognized by virtue of occasionally visible unique features ( Figure 3a ) .
8 By the beginning of 1939 , he saw only the unpleasant alternatives of uninterrupted decay or some form of authoritarian political leadership which might arrest it artificially , and exactly a year later he described the fatal weaknesses of Western democracy , and how the progress of industrialization was creating an apathetic citizenry — the kind of people who could only be aroused by despots like Hitler .
9 Any alteration to the pleadings thereafter can only be undertaken by Minute of Amendment and whether or not that is permissible is a matter of discretion for the Court .
10 Desktop publishing had enabled fulfilment of a primary educational aim of the course to integrate theory and practice but challenges remain before the commercial production of electronic ( non-print ) publications can be undertaken by students with equal facility .
11 The report recognized that in hospitals without a psychiatric unit the initial psychiatric and social evaluation might have to be undertaken by staff from the local psychiatric hospital .
12 Damascus urged the Lebanese to allow the PLO to continue operations from southern Lebanon while ordering the Syrian security services to ensure that no such activity could be undertaken by Palestinians from Syrian territory .
13 Mr Biffen , who was later to become Leader of the Commons and Lord President of the Council , and was eventually to be sacked by You-Know-Who for wholly ideological reasons , was marched back to the hotel to cover himself .
14 Differences between areas in the rates of induction of labour , epidural anaesthesia , and enemas can not be explained by differences between populations .
15 However , Stemberger ( 1984 ) has recently argued that the grounds for treating open and closed class lexical items as coming from two separate vocabularies are not convincing since many of the differences in error patterns for the two classes can be explained by differences in the frequency of items in the two classes , and by differences in the potential frequency with which certain kinds of error can occur for items in the two classes .
16 The differences in gastrin could not be explained by differences in acid secretion or severity of renal failure and they postulated an unknown mechanism causing enhanced synthesis of gastrin .
17 This discrepancy might be explained by differences in the species or sex of the animals used , the extent of small bowel resection ( 70% v 80% ) , or the type of carcinogen used , although it should be noted that 1,2 dimethylhydrazine is the natural precursor of azoxymethane .
18 With few exceptions , the proxy records of the two climate shifts can be explained by changes in seasonality ascribed to this mechanism .
19 The variation in the popularity of fixed interest financing between the sixties and the seventies may be explained by changes in the tax environment and the levels of inflation experienced during the 1970s :
20 If this were true the decreased chance of conception could be explained by difficulties in timing of insemination , because timing may be less precise and therefore less successful in women with less regular cycles .
21 This meant that changes in crime rates , or variations between different settings ( such as urban and rural ) , which had played an important part in theories relating social or economic conditions and change to crime , could equally well be explained by variations in crime-recording practices .
22 Measurements taken by American satellites have pointed to a reduction of approximately 0.35–1.00 per cent per year through the 1980s which can not be explained by variations in the solar cycle ( Bowman , 1988 ) .
23 We sought to investigate whether differences in the behaviour of 140k and Vmw175 in autoregulation assays could be explained by variations in their DNA binding specificities .
24 Gassendi does not claim , of course , that it is any more than a hypothesis that the properties , changes , and actions of things are to be explained by reference to their atomic parts .
25 I would , therefore , suggest that consent is to be explained by reference to its purported normative consequences only .
26 It seems likely , too , that several other distinctive features of the church will eventually be explained by reference to the temple .
27 The positive side of the local sign theory is an expression of the faith that such abilities can be explained by reference to processes ( of inference from observed correlations , and so on ) which are themselves conscious .
28 In a few cases , the continued support for a political party can be explained by reference to an historical connection .
29 This huge deficit can be explained by reference to the growth of demand within the USA which has drawn an increasing volume of imports .
30 This latter is a piece of independent evidence , which is distinct from the actions , such as masturbation or thumb-sucking or the hysterical symptoms of neurotics , which are to be explained by reference to the concept of sexual instincts .
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