Example sentences of "[prep] a gis " in BNC.
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| 1 | It may also be true that ‘ ease of use ’ can influence the quality of work done and the effectiveness of a GIS as a decision support system . |
| 2 | However , the implementation of a GIS user interface involves considerably more than the improvement of the human-computer interaction ( HCI ) process . |
| 3 | Hence , the use of a GIS with a GUI can only improve user productivity in ‘ use ’ factors , for example by increasing the speed of use and reducing errors , and may only help the user with a previously substantial knowledge of GIS . |
| 4 | Brief reference to two examples of natural hazards may illustrate the potential relevance of a GIS approach , applications of which are considered below . |
| 5 | One interesting example of a GIS approach to flood damage estimation is the ANUFLOOD package which was developed in the early 1980s following detailed flood damage studies for flood-prone coastal towns in northern New South Wales , Australia ( Smith and Greenaway , 1988 ) . |
| 6 | These include snow and ice hazards , where impacts on transport and the need to plan road salting or gritting strategies are obvious ( see Perry et al. 1986 for the beginnings of a GIS approach ) . |
| 7 | The effectiveness of a GIS in assisting policy and investment decision-making is related to the accuracy of the accident data it is analysing and this is especially true for particular initiatives including Safe Travel to School and AIP work . |
| 8 | Hence , the ability of a GIS to transform map data quickly from one map projection to another is essential if multi-source and multi-temporal data are used . |
| 9 | If the spatial feature of interest is linear ( such as a boundary , river , a railway or a pipeline ) then the user of a GIS may wish to generate buffer zones on either side of the linear feature . |
| 10 | Of course , the user of a GIS would not be concerned exclusively with relative or absolute location to the exclusion of the attributes of the spatial entities , nor would he or she be interested solely in the non-spatial characteristics ( the attributes ) of the spatial entities . |
| 11 | As the volume of digital data becomes larger , and the pressures on the environment increase , so the use of a GIS to evaluate alternative planning strategies will become more cost-effective . |
| 12 | The development of a GIS capable of storing and manipulating the volumes of data required for a global research programme is still some way off , but smaller GIS have been used to attempt to provide at least a beginning . |
| 13 | Are there any problems and pitfalls connected with data sources facing the user of a GIS ? |
| 14 | It contains three main modules viz. ( A ) containing the screen interfaces , dialogues and spatial command processor ; ( B ) containing a help and information system for a GIS ; and ( C ) an expert system shell or high-level system access module . |
| 15 | There may be more scope for a GIS approach in the latter than in the former situations . |
| 16 | It is now possible for a GIS to incorporate databases from many sources , while in the near future developments in networks will mean that remote access to databases at institutions other than the users ' own will become possible . |
| 17 | Thus , the structuring of a wide range of task-related paths through a GIS has formed one of the main development objectives in this project . |
| 18 | Thus , due to the sheer complexity of spatial data and the operations available , this can only be a partial solution to the general problem of user interaction with a GIS ( Gould 1989 ) . |
| 19 | In order to create this form of interface environment this project is engaged in the definition of a language of spatial interaction to handle a dialogue with a GIS through a system shell . |
| 20 | In some cases , good hazard data exist but have simply not yet found their way into a GIS . |
| 21 | This development , together with the availability of digital terrain models , will allow quite sophisticated flood forecasting models to be developed within a GIS framework . |
| 22 | The data stored and manipulated within a GIS are of two specific kinds . |
| 23 | The cartographic data must exist in digital format before they can be used within a GIS ; although the amount of digital map data is growing larger a considerable amount of manual digitizing is needed in practice to provide the database necessary for a successful GIS . |
| 24 | There are several examples of natural hazards whose impact might benefit from a GIS perspective that cuts across the science-social science divide . |
| 25 | Not all of the output from a GIS is in the form of maps . |
| 26 | Ideally a software interface will exist to connect the cartographic , tabular and graphical output from a GIS and the report-generation capabilities of a high-quality word-processor , thus allowing the results provided by the GIS to be incorporated directly into a document . |
| 27 | The areal interpolation problem : estimating population using remote sensing in a GIS framework |
| 28 | Given that the remotely sensed data add a great deal of information to these processes this is hardly surprising , but this general approach is relatively easy to carry out in a GIS environment . |
| 29 | The objective is to identify and handle the effects of data uncertainty in a GIS by defining uncertainty envelopes to create ‘ credibility regions ’ around the results . |
| 30 | These include : defining suitable values for the number of simulations required in a GIS environment rather than a statistical hypothesis-testing one ; assessing the utility of kernel estimators as an approximation that may allow smaller numbers of simulations to be used ; investigating the possibility of predicting the final output regions without performing large numbers of simulations ; and investigating possible hardware solutions to speed up the simulation process . |