Example sentences of "which have [vb pp] [noun sg] [prep] the " in BNC.

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1 The exhibition and catalogue concentrate also upon certain problems , essentially of authorship and chronology , which have bedevilled understanding of the period 1500–1515 .
2 Texas drove some beasts to New Orleans and after 1849 to California , but it was the promise of the great north-eastern market which urged ranchers to explore those long routes which have become part of the heroic romance of the ‘ Wild West ’ , linking the remote south-west with the slowly approaching railheads and through them with the giant transport centre of Chicago , whose stockyards were opened in 1865 .
3 National Savings Certificates are paying a miserable 7.5 per cent tax free and no one should be holding any certificates which have reached maturity as the rate paid under general extension terms is only 5.1 per cent .
4 Wilson ( 17 ) has suggested that to exploit the potential market , producers must take on a new , invigorating , active , forward-looking stance and lay aside the conservatism , traditionalism and isolation which have hindered development in the past .
5 If the choreographer is attempting to draw and communicate a moving picture of the individual character and physical attributes which permanently affect the manner of acting , feeling and thinking of their hero , heroine and entire cast , then they must study not only the general outline and background of their chosen story or theme , but also the beliefs , ways of life and traditions which have given life to the people and tales of different countries .
6 The first-year American Studies unit introduces students to the interdisciplinary study of the United States and provides an overview of some of the major ideological and cultural issues which have given shape to the nation in the 20th century .
7 For example , without wishing to go into the debate about the Bishop of Durham s well-known views — and I want to say here that on the resurrection and virgin birth I take the traditional teaching of the Church — I am concerned when speakers are ignorant of some of the critical insights which have given rise to the Bishop 's well thought-out views .
8 The growth of international trade during the long post-war boom and the internationalization of production which have given rise to the new international division of labour occurred under a system where exchange rates were stable over long periods of time , and international finance was dominated by the US dollar , the US economy and Washington 's policies .
9 But you ignore the power struggles between ethnic groups — and the widespread practice of nepotism — which have soured democracy in the past .
10 The cost of removing the fallen trees which have caused damage to the Building and/or Contents is also covered .
11 Partly exempt from these criticisms are Natural Rate Models which have drawn attention to the limitations of existing models , both by emphasising the constraints imposed by production inputs and by emphasising the crucial role of expectations .
12 This in effect means that there is an onus on the Insured to notify all changes which have taken place during the previous period of insurance .
13 OUR ‘ Open Country Free Range Chicken ’ project is one of a number of new initiatives which have taken place over the last few years in response to the dramatic structural changes ongoing in the poultry industry .
14 It is a voice unaffected by the changes in articulation which have taken place since the 1930s .
15 The impact of these recent employment trends is reflected clearly in the shifts in population distribution which have taken place since the early 1970s ( table 8.2 ) .
16 We will now briefly examine each category , outlining the developments which have taken place since the beginning of the decade .
17 The 1984 Workplace Industrial Relations Survey provides an excellent opportunity to review current policies and practices in the field and to study changes which have taken place since the last survey in 1980 .
18 This , however , could soon be put right as investors begin to focus on changes which have taken place in the past few years .
19 In order to understand the changes which have taken place in the practice relating to family settlements since the Victorian days , a brief description will follow , first of the standard form of eighteenth-century settlement of land , and then an outline of a modern tax-saving settlement .
20 A successful conference took place in April ; a research project is currently under way ; a valuable reference work is under production ; and BFRC has also been in the forefront of the important material developments which have taken place in the industry .
21 Speaking for the Socialists , the largest single group in the assembly , British MEP David Bowe ( Cleveland and Yorkshire North ) said ‘ We should all be conscious of the scandals which have taken place in the past , whether it be the dumping of waste in the Third World or the scandalous sham recycling of some waste so that it is disposed of in extremely environmentally unfriendly ways ’ .
22 We are all aware of the considerable changes which have taken place in the University in recent years , particularly since 1981 .
23 Although the women prisoners have not been subjected to the brutal beatings and searches which have taken place in the men 's prisons , they have been taken to the National Police headquarters for interrogation under torture .
24 Part of the difficulty lies in the developments which have taken place in the ordinary common law of judicial review .
25 For example the position of a graph.plotter pen is defined very precisely by the number of switched excitation changes which have taken place in the controlling motor .
26 Paul Marsh , Chairman of the Property and Commercial Services Committee of the Council , said today ‘ The strategy reflects the enormous changes which have taken place in the profession over the last three years and the absolute need for firms of solicitors large or small to provide legal services to the public in the form which the public want those services supplied . ’
27 The determination or disposal is treated as a transfer of value by the beneficiary and the rate of tax payable is arrived at by reference to the total of it and any previous chargeable transfers by him unless the determination or disposal took place before 10/12/74 when , in implement of the undertaking in the White Paper ( Cmnd 5705 ) that in these circumstances any tax chargeable would be no greater than that which would be due if the trust were an individual who had made chargeable gifts equal to the capital becoming chargeable , the rate is arrived at by reference solely to the total of the determinations or disposals which have taken place in the trust since 25/3/74 , if by so doing the amount of tax payable would be reduced .
28 Now Congress , I believe that we must adapt the considerable changes which have taken place in the last few years of Tory terrorism .
29 Isabelle is well supported in this by the staff and I would like to mention how much we appreciate the changes to the trading goods which have taken place in the last year .
30 The display features a time-tunnel showing the changes which have taken place in the Royal DutchShell group 's shipping arm over the last century .
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