Example sentences of "[conj] have been [vb pp] as [v-ing] " in BNC.
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1 | Now the results of experiments on habituation of the OR have been taken as supporting the latter assertion — dishabituation fails to occur if the changed context is familiar . |
2 | By far the most important problem that has been selected as providing the push into the invention of crime has been thwarted conventional ambitions — Merton 's ( 1938 ) ‘ anomie ’ theory and the ‘ delinquent subculture ’ theories of Cohen ( 1955 ) and Cloward and Ohlin ( 1960 ) being the most influential examples . |
3 | For example , rats given electroconvulsive shock ( ECS ) immediately after learning a simple avoidance response fail to show this response on a subsequent test , a result that has been interpreted as showing that the ECS destroys the original memory trace . |
4 | It has also often been argued that there is empirical evidence that rules the suggestion quite out of court by demonstrating that a pre-exposed stimulus quite lacks the properties that have been taken as defining for an inhibitory CS ( Rescorla 1969 ) . |
5 | The range of chemicals that have been identified as causing problems is enormous — Table 3 shows a representative selection . |
6 | But the different ‘ policy groups ’ that have been identified as playing a part in policy-making and associated with specific interests and policy proposals are all bureaucrats — the military , industrial managers , agricultural experts , state officials , the economic bureaucracy , the party apparatus , police officials ( Brezezinski and Huntington 1964 ; Asparturian 1968 ; Skilling and Griffiths 1971 ; Schwartz and Keech 1968 ) . |
7 | This case has been discussed at length , especially in the literature on international trade ( see for example Jones , 1971a , and Magee , 1976 ) , and has been treated as representing the effects of unionization by Johnson and Mieszkowski ( 1970 ) . |
8 | It is characterized by a marked salinity minimum and has been defined as having potential temperature and salinity characteristics between 3.3–3.4°C and 34.84–34.87 , respectively . |