Example sentences of "are [adv] [verb] [prep] reference to " in BNC.

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1 In fact , pay-scales are mostly fixed by reference to other jobs in their sector rather than the rest of the art world , let alone in industry or the professions .
2 Under a contract of sale , these rules are reflected by the rule that damages for non-delivery or non-acceptance are normally assessed by reference to the market price rule ( SGA 1979 , ss50,51 ) .
3 The terms of the review are best illustrated by reference to the contrast between the field of social policy and the discipline of sociology .
4 Some parts of the new law are best explained by reference to the defects of the old , e.g. s.5(4) is difficult to understand without reference to Moynes v Coopper [ 1956 ] 1 QB 439 .
5 Benefits under a tax-approved company pension scheme are always limited by reference to earnings from the company .
6 Benefits under a tax-approved company pension scheme are always limited by reference to earnings from the company .
7 In particular , conclusions are often drawn with reference to the word ‘ percentage ’ , but often the question ‘ percentage of what ? ’ is conveniently ignored .
8 The welfare gains from decentralization are often considered by reference to those deadweight losses that result from centralization ( Oates 1972 ) .
9 The words ‘ dependent ’ and ‘ independent ’ are frequently used with reference to elderly people .
10 Over half ( nine ) of the female characters are initially typified by reference to physical characteristics .
11 Locke explains how property rights are initially obtained by reference to the labour expended on the property by the acquirer .
12 Concentration on the imposition of duties does not , however , distort our understanding of authority since all the other functions authorities may have are ultimately explained by reference to the imposition of duties .
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