| No | Pattern | Freq | Relations |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | [prep] [v-ing] [noun prp] [vb infin] | 52 |
|
| 2 | by [v-ing] [noun prp] [verb] | 49 |
|
| 3 | by [v-ing] [noun] [vb infin] | 40 |
|
| 4 | by [verb] [noun prp] [vb infin] | 10 |
|
