| No | Pattern | Freq | Relations |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | by [v-ing] a [noun] | 2511 |
|
| 2 | [v-ing] a [noun pl] [noun] | 169 |
|
| 3 | by a [noun pl] [noun] | 87 |
|
| 4 | by [v-ing] [noun pl] [noun] | 47 |
|
| 5 | by [v-ing] a [noun pl] | 11 |
|
