| No | Pattern | Freq | Relations |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | without having [to-vb] [prep] the [adj] | 9 |
|
| 2 | without having [to-vb] [prep] the [adj] | 9 |
|
| 3 | without having [to-vb] the [adj] [noun] | 7 |
|
