| No | Pattern | Freq | Relations |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | by [v-ing] [prep] the | 1635 |
|
| 2 | [vb -s] [v-ing] [prep] the | 405 |
|
| 3 | [vb -s] by [v-ing] the | 145 |
|
| 4 | [vb -s] by [v-ing] [prep] | 57 |
|
